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Then discussed are the fundamental similarities and differences of Rumi’s evolutionary theory with other similar theories by Mulla Sadra, Charles Darwin and Henri Bergson.
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Next, it is shown how this love caused the universe to move and develop gradually, in the manner of the so-called theory of evolution. the world (earth) by, first, discussing his view on love (‘ishq) as the fundamental natural force that brought the world into life, capable of loving and being loved. Ikhwan al-Safa’ called it the universal soul (al-nafs al-kullīyah), which, according to them, brought the universe to life. It is so, since, according to them, like a man, the earth (world) also has its own life principle. Contrary to the modern scientists’ view, most Muslim scholars believe that the earth, or in a more general sense the universe, is alive.
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